Context

In political science, the relationship between material interests and identity politics has long been debated. This article examines how these seemingly distinct drivers are connected through the concept of linked fate.

Methodology

Our study combines innovative experimental approaches with rigorous observational analysis across three different national contexts.

Findings

Across various regions, ethnic groups, religious communities and social classes:

* Labor market factors significantly shape linked fate beliefs

* Ideational forces like regional identity also powerfully influence these perceptions

The strength of linked fate varies systematically with the nature of political threat or opportunity.

Implications for Research

Understanding how material conditions (like labor markets) and identity concerns interact provides vital insights into modern governance challenges. This framework offers a robust lens for analyzing voting behavior, social conflict, and policy preferences in diverse settings.