Does prosecuting politicians for hate speech erode public trust in the legal system and democracy? This article examines how Geert Wilders' 2016 conviction for hate speech affected Dutch citizens. Using three complementary research designs, it demonstrates that prosecution can harm democratic attitudes even among those disagreeing with targeted rhetoric.

Experimental Findings:

* Observing a guilty verdict significantly decreased support for democracy and the legal system from assimilationist voters.

* This negative impact occurred across all assimilationists, regardless of their voting alignment with Wilders.

Timing Analysis Demonstrates:

* Comparing survey responses before and after Wilders' conviction shows a clear drop in institutional trust among his supporters.

* Qualitative interviews reveal that assimilationist voters often experienced increased cynicism toward the legal system post-conviction.

Long-Term Effects Suggest:

* A nine-year panel study indicates these initial negative reactions accumulate into sustained discontent over time.

This detailed case study concludes that while intended to combat hate speech, such prosecutions may inadvertently damage democratic systems they aim to protect.