Minority language groups in dictatorships are often underrepresented politically, yet this new research reveals a counterintuitive pattern: when these minorities have party representation in the legislature, their languages receive greater official recognition. This discovery challenges assumptions about how authoritarian regimes manage ethnic diversity.

The study introduces novel group-level and time-variant measures for minority parties and language policies across all Asian dictatorships from 1980 to 2000. New Data Approach: Created original metrics tracking both legislative party representation and implemented minority language policies during the specified period. Analyzed these changes systematically.

Election Results Matter Most?: The key finding shows that recognition increases significantly when a recognized minority group holds legislative power, even if not governing. This relationship appears robust across different measurement scales.

Beyond Asia: When extending analysis globally (1980-2000), the results maintain their strength despite accounting for potential confounding factors affecting language policy outcomes.