🔎 Why OLS Falls Short

Katz and King previously argued that ordinary least squares (OLS) is inappropriate when the dependent variable measures each party's share of the vote, and they proposed a specialized alternative (the Katz‑King model). That model aims to respect the compositional nature of vote shares and to improve prediction of vote distributions and parliamentary composition.

⚠️ Practical Limits of the Katz‑King Approach

The Katz‑King model, while statistically principled, requires substantial statistical expertise and becomes computationally demanding when the number of parties exceeds three.

⚙️ A Practical Alternative: Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR)

Seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) is offered as a sophisticated yet convenient alternative that preserves the key advantages of Katz‑King while lowering the barriers to use. Key features include:

• Nearly as easy to apply as OLS
• Comparable predictive performance to the Katz‑King model for the distribution of votes and the composition of parliament
• Straightforward scalability to an arbitrarily large number of parties

🧾 How Performance Is Used

SUR is evaluated in terms of its ability to predict vote shares and parliamentary composition; results indicate performance on par with the Katz‑King model without the same computational or expertise costs.

💻 Where To Access It

The SUR implementation has been incorporated into Clarify, a freely available statistical suite on the Internet, making the method immediately accessible to researchers and analysts.

⭐ Why It Matters

This approach lowers technical barriers to accurate modeling of multiparty electoral data, enabling wider use of appropriate regression techniques for vote‑share analysis and institutional outcomes.