🔎 Questions Investigated:

Three questions drive this comparative study: How are national intelligence systems organized? How is power distributed among organizations in each country? What organizational risks emerge from those structures?

🗂️ Mapping Intelligence Networks From Public Records:

Network Analysis was applied to publicly available data on intelligence agencies, collegiate bodies, and supervising organizations. Authority relations and information flows were mapped to measure structural position and centrality across Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.

📊 Key Findings:

• Organizational configurations: India and Russia show similar configurations; China and South Africa resemble one another; Brazil differs from the other four countries.
• Power distribution: in Russia, Brazil, and India intelligence appears subordinated to the government. In China and South Africa, intelligence actors display higher centrality within the network.

⚠️ Organizational Risks Identified:

• Russia faces the highest risk of an intelligence system that is less able to adapt to changing strategic circumstances, while paradoxically also showing the greatest overall resilience among the five systems.
• China shows the greatest risk of a single actor retaining information and acting as a gatekeeper, concentrating informational control.

💡 Why It Matters:

Network Analysis reveals how structure, authority, and information flows generate trade-offs between adaptability, resilience, and concentration of power. This approach supports a comparative research program in Intelligence Studies and helps diagnose organizational vulnerabilities across BRICS intelligence systems.