New research explores how voters punish politicians differently based on political alignment during natural disasters.

Weather Data (1977–2007)

• Monthly precipitation and evaporation records captured across India’s four thousand State Assembly electoral constituencies reveal distinct patterns in voter behavior related to droughts and floods, particularly during the monsoon season.

Key Findings

• Incumbents aligned with state or national leaders do not face backlash for bad weather conditions.
• Opposition politicians lose significant ground when natural disasters occur under these same circumstances.

Why It Matters

This study underscores how partisan dynamics shape voter accountability perceptions, even in the face of large-scale environmental events. The findings demonstrate that retrospective voting—the idea voters punish incumbents—operates differently based on political alignment.