Racism and religion-motivated prejudice warrant deeper analysis despite widespread attention.

📍 Research Context: Following Charlottesville's deadly rally, scholars often overlook the incidence of over ten thousand U.S. anti-Semitic hate crimes since 2001.

🔍 Data & Methods: FBI reports from 2001–2014 identify key variables driving targeting patterns for ethnoreligious minorities in America.

🧠 Theoretical Framework: Hate crime variation relies on four mechanisms:

• 📍 Opportunity (target group concentration)
• 🎯 Distinguishability (target group visibility)
• 🔥 Stimuli (events increasing target group salience)
• 👥 Organization (hate group quantity)

📊 Key Findings:

• Israeli military operations significantly impact anti-Semitic incidents.
• State-level hate group numbers correlate strongly with incident variation.

💡 Why It Matters: These insights provide crucial tools for scholars and policymakers to understand and address rising ethnic tensions in the U.S.