Religious warnings from the Catholic Church against Nazism failed to sway voters. Catholics were significantly less likely than Protestants to support the NSDAP, despite explicit discouragement.

Data & Methods

This study analyzed electoral data and historical records across Weimar Germany's constituencies, focusing on religious demographics (Catholic vs. Protestant).

• Regression analysis demonstrated that Catholic constituency membership was a powerful predictor against Nazi voting.
• Other demographic factors held less explanatory power;

Key Findings

Contrary to expectations based on the Church's strong stance and influence, its warnings did not prevent Catholics from supporting the Nazis when their interests diverged.

The clear alignment between Protestant elites and Nazi ideology appears to have outweighed Catholic reluctance, despite the latter group being explicitly targeted.

Why It Matters

This article develops a theoretical framework explaining religious groups' varying susceptibility to elite political influence during elections.