A paradox exists in international human rights monitoring: countries ratifying UN treaties like the Convention Against Torture often show more repressive actions. This article resolves this tension by demonstrating how evolving accountability standards explain these findings.

Monitoring Report Evolution:

The study uses a novel dataset that tracks systematic changes in human rights reporting over time.

Ratification’s Impact:

Contrary to the puzzle, ratification is associated with higher levels of respect for human rights. This positive relationship holds regardless of how compliance is measured or what model specifications are used.

Implications:

The findings suggest that international treaties aren't ineffective despite their ratification—instead, they adapt monitoring mechanisms to better reflect improving global standards.